Alveolar capillary dysplasia is a rare and severe lung disorder that affects newborn babies. It is a developmental disorder characterized by abnormal development of the blood vessels in the lungs, specifically the tiny blood vessels in the air sacs (alveoli). This abnormal development leads to inadequate blood flow to the lungs, resulting in severe respiratory distress and eventual respiratory failure. Infants with alveolar capillary dysplasia typically present with severe breathing difficulties shortly after birth and have a very poor prognosis. The exact cause of alveolar capillary dysplasia is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a genetic disorder. Treatment options are limited and often involve supportive care such as mechanical ventilation, but unfortunately, the condition is usually fatal within the first year of life.